https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/mar/16/mahmoud-khalil-first-amendment-trump
Courts have tended to find that legal permanent residents like Khalil have 1st Amendment protections, but his detention and the case for his potential deportation rests on a clause that allows the Secretary of State to deport or deny admission to the United States to people who “compromise a compelling United States foreign policy interest.” The intention behind this piece of law and its use in the past was the deportation of prominent international political figures.